Epilepsy is not a disease, but a group of disorders for which recurrent seizures are the main symptom. Epilepsy is a recurrent seizure disorder caused by abnormal electrical discharges from brain cells. Based on its cause, epilepsy contain primary epilepsy or are said to be "idiopathic," without any clear cause and secondary epilepsy,due to a particular brain abnormality or neurological disorder. In order to know the causes of epilepsy, there are examinations can be done. Blood analysis, electroencephalography examination, CT Scanning and MRI imaging.
These are risk factor of epilepsy:
- all condition during mother pregnancy, such as certain drugs, alcoholism, trauma and radiation to mother
- inadequate of oxygen of the baby born, known as asphyxia neonatorum, procedure of forceps during the delivery process.
- head injury. Seizure happens in that moment or 2-3 years later. If there are recurrent seizures in different time, then it called epilepsy.
- brain tumors
- metabolic disorder.
High or low blood glucose as complications of diabetes mellitus can cause seizure. Checking glucose levels, for example, is a mandatory action in the management of seizures as hypoglycemia may cause seizures, and failure to administer glucose would be harmful to the patient. Another causes of epilepsy are imbalance of electrolyte, nutricial deficiency, chronic renal failure, alcoholism and drugs.
- infection, such as encephalitis, meningitis and abcess of brain
- familial record of epilepsy. It said that if a child has one of the parent of brother with epilepsy, the risk of epilepsy in that child is 5%, but if both of parent with epilepsy, the risk is greater and become 10 %. This condition happens because of seizure threshold which is lower than normal people descended to their children.
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